Eczema

Atopic dermatitis can be inherited and is caused by a defective skin barrier. The skin does not do a good job of keeping moisture in and irritants and allergens out. Eczema often gets worse with certain triggers, such as dry skin, infection, allergens, stress, heat, and sweating.

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What is Eczema?

• The word “eczema” is derived from a Greek word meaning “to boil over,” which is a good description for the red, inflamed, itchy patches that occur during flare-ups of the disease.
• Eczema is the general term for any type of dermatitis or inflammation of the skin.
• When eczema develops in childhood it is often called “atopic dermatitis” and can be a lifelong condition.

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What Causes Eczema?

• Atopic dermatitis can be inherited and is caused by a defective skin barrier. The skin does not do a good job of keeping moisture in and irritants and allergens out.
• Atopic dermatitis often coexists with other “atopic” or allergic conditions, such as asthma and hay fever.
• Eczema often gets worse with certain triggers such as dry skin, infection, allergens, stress, heat, and sweating.

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Is Eczema Caused by Food Allergies?

• Some people with eczema have food allergies, but it is often not the primary cause for their condition.
• The diagnosis of food allergies should be done by a physician and verified with a food challenge. Severely limiting a diet can be dangerous.

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What are the Treatment Options for Eczema?

For most patients we start with a three-part approach:

• Good skincare – mild fragrance-free cleansers, short warm showers or baths, and thick moisturizers immediately after bathing
• Topical steroids to any areas with a rash
• Antihistamine medications (like Benadryl) to control the itching

When these measures don’t control the symptoms, then sometimes oral steroids, antibiotics, light treatment or stronger immune-suppressing medications can be used.

Are Topical Steroids Safe to Use?

• Topical steroids are safe if the correct strength is used in the correct location for the correct length of time.
• Problems occur when people use a strong topical steroid on their face that is meant for their hands. Be sure to follow your doctor’s instructions for topical steroid use.

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What Are Some Skin Care Tips for People With Eczema?

• It is okay to take a bath or shower every day, just keep it short (10 minutes) and use warm, not hot, water.
• Use non-soap cleansers such as fragrance-free body washes. These are less likely to strip the skin of its natural oils.
• Apply topical steroids and moisturizers to the skin while it is still moist. This helps “seal” extra moisture in the skin.
• Greasy ointments like Vaseline or Aquaphor are the most moisturizing, followed by creams (in tubs), then lotions (in pumps).